手术治疗脊柱结核病灶清除术后感染的疗效

【摘要】 目的：探讨手术治疗脊柱结核病灶清除术后合并感染的疗效分析。方法：回顾性分析2006年1月~2018年12月在我院骨科收治的因脊柱结核术后感染而再次手术的患者的资料18例，其中男性11例，女性7例，年龄27~76岁，平均46.6±18.3岁，随访12~36个月，平均18.6±6.5个月，统计合并症、首次手术方式、致病菌种类、手术时间、术中出血量、术后植骨融和情况等资料，统计手术前、术后2周以及末次随访Cobb角以及C反应蛋白（C-reactive protein，CRP）、血沉、疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale，VAS）；根据美国脊髓损伤协会损伤分级（American Spinal Injury Association，ASIA）分析患者手术前及末次随访时的截瘫程度的变化，综合上述因素，评价手术治疗脊柱结核术后感染的疗效分析及相关风险。结果：18例患者中，感染金黄色葡萄球菌4例，大肠埃希菌3例，肺炎克雷伯菌2例，表面葡萄球菌2例，溶血性葡萄球菌2例，厌氧菌1例，铜绿假单胞菌1例，阴沟肠杆菌1例；鲍曼不动杆菌2例。14例采取了单纯后路手术，4例采取了前后路联合的手术。手术时间为97～280min，出血量为100～1200ml。患者术前血沉45.6±25.8mm/h，CRP为38.3±42.0mg/L，VAS评分为6.3±1.5分，Cobb角为15.3°±6.7°；术后2周时血沉30.3±11.0mm/h，CRP为24.1±8.9mg/L，VAS评分2.4±1.2分，Cobb角12.6°±5.8°；末次随访血沉14.2±9.6mm/h，CRP为11.6±13.2mg/L，VAS评分为1.8±1.1分，Cobb角12.8°±4.7°，均有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。1例ASIA B级患者术后恢复至D级、1例ASIA C级患者及4例ASIA D级患者末次随访时ASIA分级达到E级；有1例ASIA D级患者术后仍评为D级，但患者疼痛等症状明显恢复，生活基本自理。术后3～5个月植骨融合率100%。所有患者再次术后未见明显并发症。结论：脊柱结核术后感染的患者，经过充分抗感染、手术中彻底清除病灶、术后充分引流后，也能取得很好的治疗效果。     

Is interleukin-2 an optimal marker for diagnosing tuberculosis infection? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a huge reservoir for the deadlier TB disease. Accurate identification of LTBI is a key strategy to eliminate TB. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis approach was used to assess diagnostic potential of IL-2 for LTBI.     

The rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene contributes to the risk of tuberculosis disease

Background: It has been reported that one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs5743708 in TLR2 gene might be associated with the susceptibility to tuberculosis disease. Owing to mixed and inconclusive results, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically summarize and clarify the association between the rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene and the risk of tuberculosis disease. Methods: A systematic search of studies on the association of the rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene with susceptibility to tuberculosis disease was conducted in PubMed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to pool the effect size. Results: A total of nineteen case-control studies from 13 articles on rs2910164 and 3 studies on the rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene and the risk of tuberculosis disease were included. A significant relationship between the rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene and tuberculosis disease was discovered in an allelic genetic model (OR: 2.801, 95% CI: 2.130-3.683, P=0.000), a homozygote model (OR: 5.795, 95% CI: 1.982-16.941, P=0.001), a heterozygote model (OR: 2.628, 95% CI: 1.888-3.569, P=0.000), a dominant genetic model (OR: 2.786, 95% CI: 2.003-3.877, P=0.000) and a recessive genetic model OR: (5.568, 95% CI: 1.907-16.255, P=0.002). In sub-group analysis base on ethnicity, significance was observed between the Caucasian group and the Asian group. Conclusions: The rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene contributes to the risk of tuberculosis disease. Individuals with the rs5743708 gene polymorphism in the TLR2 gene are under a higher risk for tuberculosis disease.     

个性化护理措施对结核患者肺结核知晓率的影响

目的：针对结核患者的个性化护理措施探究肺结核知晓率的影响。方法选取该院于2012年8月—2014年8月期间收治的肺结核患者190例，随机进行分组，即实验组和对照组，每组95例，实验组在常规护理基础上加之行以护理干预，对照组则采用常规护理，观察两组患者对个性化护理措施产生的不同影响。结果对数据处理，得到实验组知晓率为86.32%，对照组知晓率为55.79%，两组相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论采用个性化护理能够提高患者肺结核知晓率，值得推广应用。     

Sharma's parachute sign a new laparoscopic sign in abdomino pelvic tuberculosis

AimsTo demonstrate a new laparoscopic sign “Sharma's Parachute sign” in abdominopelvic tuberculosis in women with infertility.MethodsA total of 104 women who were diagnosed to have abdominopelvic tuberculosis, on endometrial sampling or on laparoscopy were enrolled in this ongoing study on tuberculosis in infertility. A new laparoscopic “Sharma's parachute sign” was looked for in these cases on laparoscopy.ResultsThe mean age, pairty and duration of infertility was 27.6 years, 0.58 and 4.1 years respectively. Menstrual dysfuction were common especially hypomenorrhoea (34.61%), oligomenorrhoea (36.53%) along with constitutional symptoms and abdomino pelvic pain or lump. Diagnosis of abdominopelvic tuberculosis was made by identification of acid fast bacilli (AFB) on microscopy or culture of endometrial aspirate or peritoneal biopsy or positive gene Xpert or positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or histopathological demonstration of epithelioid granuloma on endometrial or peritoneal biopsy, various laparoscopic findings on pelvic and abdominal organs were tubercles and shaggy areas (white deposits, caseous nodules encysted ascites, abdominal and pelvic adhesions, tubal findings (hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx, beaded or calcified tubes). A new “Sharma's parachute sign”in which ascending colon was totally adherent to anterior abdominal wall with its mesocolon looking like an open parachute with small caseous nodule was seen in 11 (10.5%) cases.ConclusionDiagnostic laparoscopy is an important investigation for abdominopelvic tuberculosis showing various adhesions including new parachute sign.     

生物信息学筛选活动性肺结核的潜在生物标志物的临床研究

〔摘 要〕 目的：利用生物信息学技术筛选活动性肺结核（PTB）诊断和治疗监测的潜在生物标志物。方法：通过 GEO 数据库下载 GSE19444 和 GSE19435 基因芯片数据集。利用 GEO2R 工具筛选活动性 PTB 患者与健康对照间的差异表达基 因（DEG），使用 CentiScape 插件确定中枢基因（Hub 基因），并通过 GSE56153 数据集验证 Hub 基因在活动性 PTB 治疗 期间的变化。结果：两个数据集中共筛选 505 个 DEG，上调 251 个，下调 254 个。DEG 网络的 9 个子模块中模块 1 评分最 高，包含的 25 个基因主要参与病毒防御、干扰素信号通路等反应。在 25 个基因中筛选了 13 个 Hub 基因，通过验证，提示 上调的 IFIT3、IFI35、STAT1 和 GBP1 在初诊活动性 PTB、治疗 8 周、治疗 28 周和健康对照组的表达水平有显著降低趋势。 结论：筛选出的 IFIT3、IFI35、STAT1 和 GBP1 与活动性 PTB 的发生和治疗密切相关，有望成为 PTB 诊断和治疗监测的潜 在生物标志物。     

与结核相关的脂膜炎研究进展

【摘要】 脂膜炎病因繁多而复杂，感染为重要病因之一，在欧美等结核低发区，以链球菌感染最为常见，但在结核高发地区如我国，结核杆菌感染是脂膜炎的重要因素，以Bazin硬红斑和结节性红斑最为常见。Bazin硬红斑与结核关系最为密切，常表现为下肢屈侧结节、斑块，可出现溃疡，病理表现为小叶性脂膜炎。结节性红斑可作为结核的早期症状出现，可作为结核的预测指标，常表现为双下肢伸侧红斑、结节，极少破溃，间隔性脂膜炎是其病理特征。Bazin硬红斑和结节性红斑的抗结核治疗常可取得理想效果。因此，明确结核分支杆菌与脂膜炎的关系，在脂膜炎的治疗及预后方面，尤其在结核高发地区有着重要意义。